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The world this week--Business
本周國際要聞--商業
The Bank of England acted again to stabilise bond markets and increased its maximum daily purchases of long-dated gilts.
英國央行再次采取行動穩定債券市場，提高長期國債的日購買上限。
The central bank is buying the bonds through a temporary programme it created after markets took fright at the government’s plans for unfunded tax cuts.
英國央行正在通過一項臨時項目購買債券，該項目是在市場對政府無資金支持的減稅計劃感到恐慌后創建的。
The programme is supposed to end on October 14th.
該項目預計將于10月14日結束。
British pension funds want it to be extended.
英國養老基金希望延長這一項目期限。
They are taking a hit from collateral calls on derivatives linked to bond prices, leaving them with a short-term financing problem.
英國養老基金正受到與債券價格掛鉤的衍生產品抵押品催繳的打擊，使養老金面臨短期融資問題。
The turmoil pushed up the costs of financing Britain’s government debt, with the interest rate on ten-year bonds climbing back to levels that prompted the Bank of England’s first emergency intervention in September.
這場動蕩推高了英國政府債務的融資成本，10年期債券的利率回升，促使英國央行在9月份進行首次收緊干預。
In an attempt to regain credibility in the markets, Kwasi Kwarteng, the chancellor of the exchequer, brought forward the date of his “fiscal plan”, which will explain how his tax cuts are to be paid for, to October 31st.
為了重新贏得市場的信任，英國財政大臣夸西·克瓦騰將其“財政計劃”的日期提前至10月31日，該計劃將解釋減稅將如何支付。
With markets expecting the Federal Reserve to continue raising interest rates, the yield on American government bonds has also increased.
由于市場預期美聯儲將繼續提高利率，美國政府債券的收益率也有所上升。
That has pushed up mortgage rates in America, which are linked to the yield.
這推高了美國的抵押貸款利率，該利率與收益率掛鉤。
The rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage has climbed above 6.8%, the highest level since 2006, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association.
據美國抵押貸款銀行家協會的數據，30年期固定抵押貸款利率已攀升至6.8%以上，為2006年以來的最高水平。
Global inflation is expected to peak later this year but remain elevated in 2023, said the IMF in its latest outlook.
國際貨幣基金組織在其最新展望中表示，全球通脹預計將在今年晚些時候見頂，但在2023年仍將居高不下。
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues to “destabilise the global economy”, said the fund, which shaved its forecast for global GDP growth next year to 2.7%.
國際貨幣基金組織稱，俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭繼續“破壞全球經濟的穩定”，將要把明年全球國內生產總值增長預期下調至2.7%。
With the world economy “headed for stormy waters” the IMF thinks that investors will turn to safe assets, such as US Treasuries, pushing the dollar even higher.
國際貨幣基金組織認為，世界經濟形勢越來越嚴峻，投資者將轉向美國國債等安全資產，從而進一步推高美元匯率。
Kristalina Georgieva, the IMF’s managing director, predicted that the near future will be “more volatile, more fragile”.
國際貨幣基金組織總裁克里斯塔利娜·格奧爾基耶娃預測，不久的將來會“更加動蕩、更加脆弱”。
General Motors launched a new business to help customers charge their electric cars and keep their power bills down.
通用汽車推出了一項新業務，幫助消費者為電動汽車充電，并降低電費。
GM Energy’s energy-management system is similar to the one sold by Tesla.
通用能源的能源管理系統與特斯拉銷售的系統類似。
A consortium backed by private equity agreed to pay $7.9bn for Westinghouse Electric, which provides nuclear services including nuclear fuel and maintenance to around half the reactors worldwide.
一個由私人股本支持的財團同意斥資79億美元收購西屋電氣，西屋電氣為全球約一半的反應堆提供包括核燃料和維護在內的核服務。
The deal is seen as a big investment in the future of nuclear power.
這筆交易被視為對核電未來的一筆巨大投資。
In order for the world to hit net-zero carbon goals, nuclear generation needs to double by 2050, according to the International Energy Agency.
根據國際能源署的說法，為了實現全球凈零碳排放的目標，到2050年，核能發電量需要翻一番。
